Trends and risk factors of anaemia among the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students aged 6-15 years, Hunan Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of anemia among students aged 6-15 years old participated in the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Program in 2012-2021 in Hunan Province, and to explore associated factors.@*Methods@#A cluster random sampling method was used. The survey was conducted among compulsory education students who came from counties in Hunan Province where nutrition improvement plan and key surveillance were carried out. Height and weight were measured, hemoglobin, dietary habits and health knowledge were collected.@*Results@#Since the implementation of nutrition improvement plan in 2012, the anemia rate decreased from 12.8% to 9.3%, the average hemoglobin content decreased from 133.9 g/L to 130.0 g/L. The proportion of students eating meat every day increased from 20.4% to 47.3%. Students eating three or more servings of table tennis ball size of meal increased from 21.4% to 47.3%. The proportion of students eating more than three kinds of vegetables per day was 39.1% in 2016 and 32.6% in 2019, and less than 30% in other years. The proportion of students eating three or more servings of table tennis ball size of vegetables increased from 19.5% to 39.6%, and the proportion of students eating snack less than once a day increased from 13.1% to 76.9%. The proportion of students drinking beverages less than once a day increased from 36.5% to 90.7%. Girls, older than 12 years, not eating meat every day, and who eat less than 1 serving of table tennis ball size of meat, eat less than 3 servings of table tennis ball size of vegetables and fruit at one time, and who eat less than 3 kinds of vegetables every day, and those who grow slowly had higher risk of anemia. Potential factors of anemia in students varied by survey year.@*Conclusion@#The implementation of the compulsory education has improved the nutritional status of compulsory education students in rural areas of Hunan Province, but anemia still occurs. Potential factors associated with childhood anemia are changing. Child health literacy education should adapt to the changing social and economic enviornment, as well as lifestyles. Targeted and appropriate nutritional education and intervention are greatly needed.

Human body's health function improvement by various whole-body sports exercises / Melhoria da função de saúde do corpo humano por meio de vários exercícios esportivos de corpo inteiro / Mejora de la función de salud del cuerpo humano mediante varios ejercicios deportivos para todo el cuerpo

ABSTRACT Introduction Studies have shown that physical exercise is beneficial to people's overall physical and mental health, but few research reports on the effects of different physical exercises on people's human health. Object The paper explores the difference in human health function between people who adhere to traditional health sports and those who rarely exercise and provide a scientific basis for applying and promoting traditional health sports in TCM "prevention of disease". Methods The paper surveyed 526 people who regularly participate in physical exercises and rarely exercise. The exercise items are divided into Tai Chi/Tai Chi sword group, Health Qigong Baduanjin group, Health Qigong Wuqinxi group, and Health Qigong Yijin group. Warp group, walking/jogging group. Results There are differences in the mental indicators of the people in different exercise groups. The overall average percentage levels of and NK cells in each exercise group and the tiny exercise group are different, and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Persisting in physical exercise is beneficial to the balance of health and function of the population. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução Estudos têm demonstrado que o exercício físico é benéfico para a saúde física e mental geral das pessoas, mas existem poucos relatos de pesquisas sobre os efeitos dos diferentes exercícios físicos na saúde humana. Objetivo o documento explora a diferença na função da saúde humana entre pessoas que aderem aos esportes tradicionais de saúde e aqueles que raramente se exercitam e fornece uma base científica para a aplicação e promoção dos esportes tradicionais de saúde na "prevenção de doenças" da medicina tradicional chinesa. Métodos O artigo pesquisou 526 pessoas que praticam exercícios físicos regularmente e raramente praticam exercícios. Os itens de exercícios são divididos em grupo de espada Tai Chi/Tai Chi, grupo de saúde Qigong Baduanjin, grupo de saúde Qigong Wuqinxi e grupo de saúde Qigong Yijin, Grupo Wrap e grupo de caminhada/corrida. Resultados Existem diferenças nos indicadores mentais de pessoas em diferentes grupos de exercícios. Os níveis percentuais médios gerais de células NK e em cada grupo de exercícios e no pequeno grupo de exercícios são diferentes, e a diferença é estatisticamente significativa (P <0,05). Conclusão A persistência na prática de exercícios físicos é benéfica para o equilíbrio da saúde e o funcionamento da população. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción Los estudios han demostrado que el ejercicio físico es beneficioso para la salud física y mental general de las personas, pero hay pocos informes de investigación sobre los efectos de diferentes ejercicios físicos en la salud humana de las personas. Objeto El documento explora la diferencia en la función de la salud humana entre las personas que se adhieren a los deportes de salud tradicionales y las que rara vez hacen ejercicio y proporciona una base científica para aplicar y promover los deportes de salud tradicionales en la "prevención de enfermedades" de la medicina tradicional china. Métodos El artículo encuestó a 526 personas que participan regularmente en ejercicios físicos y rara vez hacen ejercicio. Los elementos de ejercicio se dividen en grupo de espada de Tai Chi/Tai Chi, grupo de salud Qigong Baduanjin, grupo de salud Qigong Wuqinxi y grupo de salud Qigong Yijin. Grupo Wrap, grupo de caminar/trotar. Resultados Hay diferencias en los indicadores mentales de las personas en diferentes grupos de ejercicio. Los niveles de porcentaje promedio general de células NK y en cada grupo de ejercicio y el pequeño grupo de ejercicio son diferentes, y la diferencia es estadísticamente significativa (P <0.05). Conclusión La persistencia en el ejercicio físico es beneficiosa para el equilibrio de la salud y el funcionamiento de la población. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Factors relating to bone mineral density in young and middle-aged patients with ankylosing spondylitis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic progressive rheumatic disease. The aim of this study was to explore factors influencing abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) in young and middle-aged patients with AS.@*METHODS@#From July 2014 to August 2018, hospitalized patients with AS and health examinees in the health examination center of our clinics, ranging in age from 20 to 50 years, were monitored. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of AS patients and those of a healthy control group were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorption. The BMDs of AS patients were compared with respect to age, course of disease, iritis, smoking habits, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), medication use, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet volume, platelet count, uric acid (UA), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and calcium ion levels. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to BMD were screened using genome-wide association analysis.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistical difference in the proportion of abnormal bone masses between the different body parts. The BMD of all bones in AS patients was lower than that in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Additionally, BMD was correlated with serum calcium and CRP in AS patients (P < 0.05), but not with age, platelet volume, platelet count, ESR, UA, AKP, height, weight, and BMI. The incidence of abnormal bone mass in AS patients was correlated with sex (P < 0.05), but not with medication use, iritis, or smoking. BMD of the lumbar spine in AS patients did not correlate linearly with the course of the disease, but BMD of the femoral neck correlated linearly with the course of the disease (P < 0.05). BMD was correlated with multiple SNPs in patients with AS. Lumbar BMD was correlated with rs7025373 and rs7848078. Femoral head BMD was correlated with 3:102157365, 3:102157417, rs1252202, rs1681355, rs3891857, rs7842614, and rs9870734, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in BMD in patients with AS.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The proportion of abnormal bone mass in AS patients was higher than that in healthy individuals of the same age. The factors related to BMD in patients with AS are gender, CRP, and blood calcium. The BMD of the femoral neck of AS patients decreases with the course of the disease, but BMD of the lumbar spine is not related to the course of the disease. BMD in AS patients is associated with multiple SNPs.

Gene Polymorphism Is not Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility in the Northern Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Interleukin (IL)-37, also called IL1F7, is a natural inhibitor of inflammatory and immune responses. It is involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the role of IL1F7 gene polymorphism in RA susceptibility in a large cohort of patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL1F7 genes (rs2723186, rs3811046, rs4241122, rs4364030, and rs4392270) were genotyped by TaqMan Allelic Discrimination in Northern Chinese Han population. The allele and the genotype were compared between patients with RA and healthy controls. Association analyses were performed on the entire data set and on different RA subsets based on the status of the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and the rheumatoid factor by logistic regression, adjusting for age and gender.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Trend associations were detected between rs2723186, rs4241122, rs4392270, and RA in Stage I (160 patients with RA; 252 healthy controls). Further validation in Stage II comprised 730 unrelated patients with RA (mean age: 54.9 ± 12.6 years; 81.6% females) and 778 unrelated healthy individuals (mean age: 53.5 ± 15.7 years; 79.5% females). No significant differences in the distributions of alleles and genotypes were observed between the case and control groups in both the entire set and the different RA subsets. Disease activity and age of RA onset were also not associated with genotype distributions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL1F7 gene polymorphism does not significantly influence RA susceptibility in the Northern Chinese Han population.</p>

Efficacy and Safety of Tofacitinib in Chinese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study assessed the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in Chinese patients with RA enrolled in Phase 3 and long-term extension (LTE) studies.@*Methods@#ORAL Sync was a 1-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trial. Patients received tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily (BID) or placebo advanced to tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg BID at 3 or 6 months. All patients remained on ≥1 background conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug. ORAL Sequel is an open-label LTE study (data-cut: March 2015; data collection and analyses were ongoing, and study database was not locked at the time of analysis; study was closed in 2017). Efficacy outcomes: American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20/50/70 response rates and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-4 [ESR]). Patient- and physician-reported outcomes: Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), Patient and Physician Global Assessment of Arthritis, and pain (visual analog scale). Safety was assessed throughout.@*Results@#ORAL Sync included 218 patients; 192 were subsequently enrolled into ORAL Sequel. In ORAL Sync, more patients achieved ACR20 (tofacitinib 5 mg BID, 67.4%; 10 mg BID, 70.6%; placebo, 34.1%) and DAS28-4 (ESR) <2.6 (tofacitinib 5 mg BID, 7.1%; 10 mg BID, 13.1%; placebo, 2.3%) with tofacitinib versus placebo at Month 6. Mean changes from baseline in HAQ-DI were greater with tofacitinib versus placebo at Month 6. In ORAL Sequel, efficacy was consistent to Month 48. Incidence rates for adverse events of special interest in tofacitinib-treated patients were similar to the global population.@*Conclusions@#Tofacitinib significantly reduced signs/symptoms and improved physical function and quality of life in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severely active RA up to Month 48. The safety profile was consistent with the global population.@*Clinical Trial Identifier@#NCT00856544 and NCT00413699.

Gene Polymorphism Is not Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility in the Northern Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Interleukin (IL)-37, also called IL1F7, is a natural inhibitor of inflammatory and immune responses. It is involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the role of IL1F7 gene polymorphism in RA susceptibility in a large cohort of patients.@*METHODS@#Five selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL1F7 genes (rs2723186, rs3811046, rs4241122, rs4364030, and rs4392270) were genotyped by TaqMan Allelic Discrimination in Northern Chinese Han population. The allele and the genotype were compared between patients with RA and healthy controls. Association analyses were performed on the entire data set and on different RA subsets based on the status of the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and the rheumatoid factor by logistic regression, adjusting for age and gender.@*RESULTS@#Trend associations were detected between rs2723186, rs4241122, rs4392270, and RA in Stage I (160 patients with RA; 252 healthy controls). Further validation in Stage II comprised 730 unrelated patients with RA (mean age: 54.9 ± 12.6 years; 81.6% females) and 778 unrelated healthy individuals (mean age: 53.5 ± 15.7 years; 79.5% females). No significant differences in the distributions of alleles and genotypes were observed between the case and control groups in both the entire set and the different RA subsets. Disease activity and age of RA onset were also not associated with genotype distributions.@*CONCLUSION@#IL1F7 gene polymorphism does not significantly influence RA susceptibility in the Northern Chinese Han population.

Metabolic Characteristics of Leucocyte-deplated and Suspended RBC Produced by Using Lipid Whole Blood During Routine Storage / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the differences of metabolic pathways of leucocyte-deplated RBCs prepared by using lipid whole blood and nomal blood during routine storage so as to provide some reference for clinical blood use.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty U whole blood from 20 donors, including 10 U lipid blood and 10 U normal whole blood, were selected for preparing leukodepleted red blood cells, red blood cells were taken from storage bags on day 0, 14 and 35, respectively. Metabolites in the red blood cells were analyzed, red blood cell metabolic extracts were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. The metabolite data of RBC from 2 groups were analyzed by SIMCA-P 13.0 software using OPLS-DA and by SPSS 19.0 using Mann-Whitney U test. Difference of metabolic pathways was described according to different metabolites.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The glucose, adenine, pyruvic acid, GSH, GSSG and niacinamide levels on day 0 in lipid RBCs were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The glucose, pyruvic acid and GSH levels on day 14 in lipid RBCs were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of adenine, GSSG and niacinamide were higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The glucose level on day 0 was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of adenine and niacinamide were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). but the pyruvic acid, GSH and GSSG levels were not significantly different between 2 groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with the normal red blood cells, the energy metabolism pathway decreases in lipid red blood cells within the storage period and pentose phosphate pathway increases.</p>

Study on PSA oxygen generating technology with variable frequencies,constant pressure and self-adaptivity to altitude changes / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To provide technical support for developing portable and carrying PSA medical oxygen generators under variable altitudes. Methods Based on the operation principle of PSA technology, the effects of altitude on the performance capacity of series of PSA medical oxygen generators were analyzed. PSA oxygen generating technology was explored with an inlet system with variable frequencies and constant pressure. The problems due to the introduction of the converter were discussed during studying key technologies, and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly. Trials were executed with 1.2 Nm3/h generator taken as an example. Results The PSA medical oxygen generator developed met the requirements of corresponding standards of medical molecular sieve oxygen generator at the altitudes from 0 to 4451 m. Conclusion The PSA oxygen generator has its adaption altitude enhanced significantly.

Betatrophin Levels were Increased in Pregnant Women with or without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Associated with Beta Cell Function / Níveis de betatrofina aumentados em grávidas com ou sem diabetes mellitus gestacional e associados à função das células beta

Abstract Purpose betatrophin has been reported to boost β cell expansion in insulin resistant states. Pregnancy is a well-recognized physiological state of insulin resistance. Betatrophin levels in pregnant women and their relationships with metabolic variables remain to be elucidated. Methods A total of 49 pregnant women and 31 age-matched unpregnant women with normal glucose regulation (UP-NGR) were included. Among these subjects, according to results from 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 22 women were diagnosed as having gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ). Results Our study found that pregnant women, regardless of their glucose regulation status, had remarkably higher triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β). However, GDM patients had much lower HOMA-β compared with those of pregnant women with normal glucose regulation (P-NGR). Participants of the P-NGR group had almost 4 times higher levels of betatrophin than those of the UP-NGR group. Although betatrophin levels were lower in the GDM group than those of the P-NGR group, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Spearman correlation analysis showed that betatrophin levels were positively and significantly associated with total cholesterol, triglycerides, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), FINS and HOMA-β. However, adjustments of TC, TG and HDL-c eliminated the association between HOMA-β and betatrophin. Conclusions Pregnant women have significantly higher betatrophin levels in comparison to unpregnant women. Betatrophin levels are positively and significantly associated with β cell function and lipid levels. Furthermore, lipids may contribute to the association between betatrophin and β cell function.

Resumo Introdução Betatrofina tem sido relacionada à expansão de células β em estado de resistência à insulina. A gravidez é um conhecido estado fisiológico de resistência à insulina. Níveis de betatrofina em gestantes e sua relação com variáveis metabólicas ainda precisam ser esclarecidas. Métodos Um total de 49 gestantes e 31 não gestantes de mesma idade com níveis normais de glicose (UP-NGR) foram incluídas. Dentre elas, de acordo com os resultados da curva glicêmica, base em 75 g, 22 mulheres foram diagnosticadas com diabetes mellitus gestational ( DMG ). Resultados Nosso estudo identificou que gestantes, independente de seus níveis de glicose, tiveram notáveis níveis elevados de triglicerídeos (TG), colesterol (TC), insulina em jejum (FINS), HOMA-IR e HOMA-β. Contudo, pacientes com DMG tiveram bem menos HOMA-β se comparadas às gestantes com níveis normais de glicose ( P-NGR ). Participantes do grupo P-NGR tiveram níveis de betatrofina quase quarto vezes maiores ao das participantes do grupo UP-NGR. Embora os níveis de betatrofina sejam menores no grupo DMG do que no P-NGR, a diferença não obteve significância estatística. Análise da correlação de Spearman demonstrou que os níveis de betatrofina foram positiva e significativamente associados ao TC, TG, HDL-c (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), FINS e HOMA-β. Contudo, ajustes em TC, TG e HDL-c eliminaram a associação entre HOMA-β e betatrofina. Conclusões Gestantes têm níveis de betatrofina significativamente maiores do que não gestantes. Níveis de betatrofina são positive e significativamente associados às células β funcionais e níveis de lipídeos. Além disso, lipídeos podem contribuir na associação entre betatrofina e células β funcionais.

Mid-term Results of Biceps Incorporating Suture Without Deteaching the Biceps Tendon from the Flenoid in the Large or Massive Cuff Tear

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical results of using the technique of rotator cuff repair without parting the biceps long head from the glenoid for large or massive tear of the rotator cuff. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Form January 2005 to January 2007, we performed the arthroscopic biceps repair with incorporating suture to the rotator cuff for 21 patients with large or massive rotator cuff tear. The mean follow up period was 23 months (range: 6-48months). The number of males and females was 9 and 13, respectively. The age distribution ranged from 47 to 73 years with a mean age of 60.3 years. We compared the preoperative score with the postoperative scores using the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score, the shoulder index of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and a simple shoulder test (SST). RESULTS: The improvement in the VAS, ASES and the UCLA and SST scores was statistically significant at the final follow up (average follow-up 23 months) (p>0.05). Two of nine cases were found to have partial tear with continuity but seven cases were found to have complete tear according to the ultrasonography and MRI. CONCLUSION: The technique of rotator cuff repair without parting the biceps long head from the glenoid for large or massive tear of the rotator cuff is considered to be recommendable.

Mutation analysis of 12S rRNA and tRNA-Ser(UCN) genes in a large Chinese family with maternally inherited nonsyndromic hearing loss by intermarriage / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the possible mutation at possible sites in different mitochondrial genes that leads to hearing loss in a large Chinese pedigree.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples from a Hunan pedigree were obtained with informed consent. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using kit. The target fragments were amplified and detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and directly sequencing respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The result of direct sequencing revealed the A1555G mutation in 12S rRNA gene was inherited in this pedigree and no one has A7445G mutation or other mutations in its neighborhood region.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sequence analysis confirmed that the pedigree carries the A1555G mutation. With some members ever exposure of aminoglycoside antibiotics, mutation of A1555G may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hearing loss in the large pedigree.</p>

Acute renal failure in systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To understand the clinical features of acute renal failure(ARF)as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods Eight cases of ARF in SLE from Jan 1995 to Apt 2006 were investigated,descriptive analysis and literature review were performed.Results①The symp- tom of ARF in SLE was mainly oliguria,with severe accompany symptoms and complications.②The level of leucocyte and hemoglobin was low in laboratory tests,also the complement level decreased significantly.The most frequent renal pathology was typeⅣ,Ⅳ+ⅤLN.③Large dose steroid and CTX were the mainstay of treatment.In addition,SCUF,CVVHDF and hemodialysis could be used for lethal conditions.Conclusion ARF can be the first manifestation of SLE and it usually represents more severe disease and more complica- tions.Large dose steroid and CTX can improve prognois.In cases refractory to steroid and if the effect is obso- lete,CTX treatment SCUF,CVVHDF and hemodialysis can be use.